Density Calculator

Density Formula (ρ = m/V)

When the mass (m) and volume (V) are known, density (ρ) can be calculated by dividing the mass by the volume. The standard unit for density is kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m³) in the SI system.

Mass Formula (m = ρ × V)

When the density (ρ) and volume (V) are known, mass (m) can be calculated by multiplying the density by the volume. Mass is typically measured in kilograms (kg) in the SI system.

Volume Formula (V = m/ρ)

When the mass (m) and density (ρ) are known, volume (V) can be calculated by dividing the mass by the density. Volume is typically measured in cubic meters (m³) in the SI system.

Relative Density Formula

Relative density (or specific gravity) is the ratio of the density of a substance to the density of a reference substance, usually water at 4°C (1000 kg/m³). It's a dimensionless quantity with no units.

Unit Conversion Reference

Use these conversion factors when working with different units:

Mass Units:

• 1 kg = 1000 g
• 1 kg = 2.20462 lb
• 1 ton = 1000 kg
• 1 lb = 16 oz

Volume Units:

• 1 m³ = 1000 L
• 1 m³ = 1,000,000 cm³
• 1 m³ = 35.3147 ft³
• 1 ft³ = 1728 in³
• 1 gal = 3.78541 L

Density Units:

• 1 g/cm³ = 1000 kg/m³
• 1 kg/L = 1000 kg/m³
• 1 lb/ft³ = 16.0185 kg/m³

Scientific Research

Density is used to identify substances, study phase changes, understand fluid behavior, and analyze material properties. It's a fundamental concept in chemistry, physics, and materials science.

Engineering and Construction

Engineers use density in designing structures, selecting materials, calculating buoyancy forces, and determining weight distribution. Knowledge of material density is crucial for ensuring structural integrity and performance.

Medical Applications

In medicine, density measurements help assess bone health (bone mineral density), evaluate body composition, and analyze blood samples. Variations in tissue density can indicate different health conditions.

Geology and Earth Sciences

Geologists use density to identify minerals, study Earth's structure, analyze soil composition, and understand tectonic processes. Different rock types have characteristic densities.

Everyday Applications

Density affects many everyday phenomena, from why some objects float and others sink, to how hot air balloons work, to why oil and water separate. Understanding density helps explain numerous practical observations.