Rainfall Intensity Calculator

Professional rainfall intensity calculator supporting multiple international standards. Assess precipitation intensity, flood risks, and landslide hazards with adjustable parameters for terrain, drainage, and urbanization.

Classification Standard

Enter Rainfall Parameters

mm
minutes

No calculation results

Enter rainfall parameters and click Calculate to see intensity analysis and risk assessment

About Rainfall Intensity Calculator

What is Rainfall Intensity?

Rainfall intensity measures the rate of precipitation, typically expressed in mm/h (millimeters per hour). It's a critical metric for flood forecasting, urban drainage design, agricultural planning, and disaster prevention. High rainfall intensity over short periods poses greater flood risks than the same precipitation amount spread over longer periods.

Why Rainfall Intensity Matters

  • Flood Risk Assessment: High intensity rainfall can rapidly overwhelm drainage systems, causing urban and river flooding within minutes to hours.
  • Infrastructure Design: Cities and agricultural areas must design drainage systems based on expected rainfall intensity to prevent property damage.
  • Disaster Preparedness: Intensity data enables early warning systems and emergency response coordination for extreme weather events.
  • Agricultural Management: Farmers use intensity forecasts to schedule irrigation, plan field operations, and protect crops from waterlogging.

How to Use This Calculator

Calculate rainfall intensity and assess associated risks in four simple steps.

Enter Precipitation Amount

Input the measured or forecasted precipitation in millimeters. Use actual measurements if rain has occurred, or forecast data from meteorological services for predictive analysis.

Specify Rainfall Duration

Enter the time period over which precipitation occurs in minutes. This is crucial for intensity calculation—the same amount of rain compressed into 30 minutes is twice as intense as rain spread over 60 minutes.

Select Optional Parameters

Choose advanced parameters (terrain type, drainage level, urbanization degree) to refine risk assessment. These factors significantly affect flood potential and water accumulation in different environments.

Analyze Results

The calculator provides rainfall intensity in multiple units, international standard classifications, flood/landslide risk levels, and specialized recommendations for meteorological, disaster prevention, urban planning, and agricultural applications.

Formula & Calculation Method

Core Calculation

Rainfall Intensity (mm/h) = Precipitation (mm) / Duration (hours)

Rainfall Intensity (mm/h) = Precipitation (mm) ÷ Duration (hours). For example, 60mm rain in 120 minutes = 60 ÷ 2 = 30 mm/h intensity.

Adjustment Factors Applied

  • Concentration Factor: 0-1 scale indicates rainfall distribution. 0.5 = uniform, 1.0 = concentrated bursts
  • Terrain Factor: Mountains (+15%), Urban (+10%), Suburban (+5%), Rural (0%) increase flood potential
  • Drainage Factor: Poor drainage (+20%), Moderate (+10%), Good (-5%), Excellent (-15%) water removal capability
  • Urbanization Factor: Built-up areas with impervious surfaces increase water accumulation (up to 20%)

WMO Intensity Classification Scale

  • Very Light< 2.5 mm/h
  • Light2.5 - 10 mm/h
  • Moderate10 - 50 mm/h
  • Heavy50 - 100 mm/h
  • Very Heavy100 - 200 mm/h
  • Extreme> 200 mm/h

International Rainfall Intensity Standards

Different countries and meteorological organizations classify rainfall intensity using different thresholds and categories. This calculator supports five major classification systems.

WMO (World Meteorological Organization)

International standard: Very Light (0-2.5), Light (2.5-10), Moderate (10-50), Heavy (50-100), Very Heavy (100-200), Extreme (>200) mm/h

China Meteorological Standard

Adapted for East Asian climate: Light Rain (0-2.5), Moderate (2.5-10), Heavy (10-25), Rainstorm (25-50), Severe Storm (50-100), Catastrophic (>100) mm/h

USA National Weather Service

Used by NOAA/NWS: Trace, Light (0.1-0.3 inches), Moderate (0.3-1 inch), Heavy (1-2 inches), Very Heavy (2-3 inches), Extreme (>3 inches) per hour

Japan Meteorological Agency

Japanese standard: Drizzle (0-1), Weak (1-10), Normal (10-20), Strong (20-50), Violent (50-80), Catastrophic (>80) mm/h

India Meteorological Department

South Asian standard: Light (0-2.5), Moderate (2.5-7.5), Heavy (7.5-35.5), Very Heavy (35.5-204), Extremely Heavy (204-408) mm/h

Frequently Asked Questions

Answers to common questions about rainfall intensity calculation and application.

Why is rainfall intensity important for flood prediction?
Rainfall intensity directly determines how quickly water accumulates and overwhelms drainage systems. 100mm of rain over 10 hours (10 mm/h) is manageable, but the same 100mm in 1 hour (100 mm/h) causes catastrophic flooding. Intensity is the critical factor for flood risk assessment.
How do terrain and drainage affect flood risk?
Mountains with poor drainage transform moderate intensity rain into severe floods through runoff concentration. Urban areas with concrete surfaces have minimal infiltration, causing rapid water accumulation. Good drainage systems can reduce flood risk by 50-70% for the same rainfall intensity.
Which rainfall standard should I use?
Use the standard relevant to your region: WMO for international reference, China standard in East Asia, USA standard in North America, Japan standard in Japan/East Asia, India standard in South Asia. This calculator provides results in all standards for easy cross-reference.
How accurate is this calculator for flood prediction?
The calculator provides professional-grade intensity classification and relative risk assessment. For precise flood forecasting, combine results with local flood models, river level data, and meteorological forecasts from your national weather service. Use this calculator for initial risk screening.
Can this calculator predict flash flooding?
Flash flooding depends on rainfall intensity, terrain, drainage, and watershed characteristics. This calculator identifies high-intensity situations that pose flash flood risk. For real-time flash flood warnings, consult your national weather service or emergency management agency.